Engine of warfare.



A. l. PARE.

News oF wAnFARE. APPLICATION FILED MAY l |9l7..

1,265,496. Patented' May 7, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

@y Uffa? wvorwwgs.

I A. J. PARE.

ENGINE 0F WARFARE. APPLICATION FILED MAYI. 1911.

1,265,496. Patented May 7,1918.

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A. 1. PARE.

Patented May 7,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

j Torrile-117mmv #may concern.' y i f f `Be i i known that I, ARSENE J.j,PiiniihaW ARSENEJ. Penn', or Bnocnron, iyriissnonusnmrslf ENGINE or WARFARE.

i .citizenw of the AUnited States, residing at oneormore of said wheels.

Brockton, Ain the county of Plymouth and State `of Massachusetts, `have invented new and useful:` Improvements in `Engines of Warfare, of which the following is a speciication.4 f v a The object of the presentinvention is to provide afself-propelled and armored .engine `of warfare. Theinvention is embodied in `two spherical metallic shells, one within theother, the inner shell being provided with `wheels arranged to: roll upon the internal "surface of `the outer shell, and containing a motor and drivin mechanism for driving The load carn riedby the inner shell is unequally distrib- 1uted `with relation to the center, with thel result that the inner `shell tends constantly f toassume a normal position with the greater part of the load at the bottom, and as the drivingjwheel or wheels rotate and tend to `revolve the inner shell from said normal position the `outer shell respondsto the tendrw ency of the inner shell to return to said nori `mal position. `The Vouter shell isthus re- Nvolved, and the engine is' caused to` travel u forward orbackward according to the direction of rotation ofthe driving wheels.

`The invention includes steering mechalaterallyiin relation to the louter shell, the

innershellbeing substantially smaller than the internal `diameterof the outer `shell to provide the necessaryfspace for such shifting. Asthe inner shell is shifted from right 'i 1 "to left the load carriedby the inner shell .i i lto shift the inner shell to the right relativelyW to the i outer shell thewlatterwill traverseaw Y `causes the outer shell to change `its course to the left until the inner shell is shifted `back to a median position. lOn the other hand ifthe steeringlmechanismlbe adjusted curved path toward the right until the inner shell is shifted back to said median position.` LThe engine is capableioftraveling onland i `or inwater. i When traveling onland it may `jfbetused for destroying objects fsuch as hyso` trolley Ywires,railway cars, andsmall frame drants,`rtelegraph poles, poles for supporting j ybuildingsfby collision. The engine lis of f" suchsizeastozcontainxacrew of men and l Specification of Letters Patent.

both shells are provided with openings through which projectiles may be'red when the openings of the inner shell are` in line `with some of the openings of the outer shell.

present invention. The plane of this sec- 1 tion may be said to extend fore and aft.

Fig.2 represents a vertical section through `the structure intersected by line 2-2 of Fig.

1 looking forward.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through the structure intersected by line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4L isa sectional view of a swivel connection of the steering mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a view of the plugs used for closing the port holes in the inner shell.

The same reference characters indicate the saine parts wherever they occur. The outer sphericalshellyas shown, `is made of two layers of metal, the outer layer comprising two hemispherical portions 10,

j 10 `that meet in edge-tdedge relation to form a joint at 11. Theinner layer of theouter shell. comprises two hemispherical sections 12, 12 that meet in edge to edge relation to `forni ajoint at 13.v The'inner and outer layers are arranged so that the plane of joint 13 is at right angles to the plane of joint 11. When thetwolayers of the outer shell are bolted one to another they reinforce each other and relieve the joints of any undue strain. Aside from this structural detail the outer shell is to all intents and purposes a` spherical unit.

The external surface of the outer shell is provided with knobs or protuberances 14 to "avoid"slippinor on moist ground. The outer miran s'rnfrns PATENT OFFRE. f

j j atented May 7, `1918. i `Application filedl May 1,'1917; Serial No. 165,707.

`sia-ai ispreyiea wana multiplicity ofpr forations 15 distributeduniformlythrough out its periphery, and said perforations, as shown, are `coincidental with lthe protuberances 14. The perforations afford ventilation when the structure is on land, and af-l fordopenings orport4 holes through which projectiles may be fired. f '1 Thezinner shell is self-leveling and coin-` prisestwo hemispherical sections 16, 16, the,

edges of whichy arelapped as indicated at 17, and fastened to each other `by bolts The external' diameter ofthe inner shell 21s.

` substantially less than the internal diameter of the outer shell, to permitshiftingthe innery shell laterally in relation to the outer shell for The inner shell is provided with port holes 19 which afford ventisteering purposes.

lation. when the structure isl on land and `through which projectiles may be red'when said portholes coincidewithv some ofthe' many' perforations or portholes 15 in the outer shell. The firing .of projectiles ispossible whenever'the structure is 'standingstilh provided one or more of the port r holes 19' are in registration with perforations-`: The inner shell is provided with housings 20 for wheels 21, 22, and 23. In the present instance there are three wheels, ltwo vof which .are driven by suitable propellin mechanism hereinafter described. The whee housings 2O are provided with watertight vat 27. A case .for transmission indicated at 28.

shaft-bearings to prevent water from entering the inner shell. That part of the inner shell that is intended to remain at or nearv the bottom ismade comparatively thick for ballast as indicated atl 24,.and the internal surface offsaid portion is made fiat .to pro'- vide a suitable base kfor a propelling motor 25 and for other elements of the propelling mechanism. TheJ crank shaft of themotor is indicated at 26 'and the fly wheel is indicated gearing is will not be necessary to show or describe the gearing that is inclosed in the case 28 `and it will bev suflicient to state vthat such gearing transmits :rotation from motor shaft 26 to a traverse shaft 29. i Wheel `22 is affixed to a shaft `30,-and the latter is driven by shaft 29 through suitable connections, which in the present instance include two sprocket chains 31, 31. These chains are driven by sprocket wheels such as that indicated at 32 injFig. 1, and run over sprocket wheelsvsuch as that indicated at 33. f

- Bevel gears .suchl as that indicated at A38 in Y to starter. 1

v The weight of the inner shell and of thev Fig. 1 are afliXed to shafts'37- respectively, near the upper ends of .the latter,and drive bevel .gears 3,9.. The latter gears are aixed elements carried therebyfis so disposed that vsaid shell ,tends normally to assume a posi-n tion inwhich Vthe propelling motor wouldv i be at the bottom, Vbut `when the Vwheels. l22. and 23 are driven in the .directionindicatedby,v arrows in Fig. *1 the inner shell'asv a Whale would turn :in a die:

For present purposes itr mally to travel .a

ofthe outerfshell.v

rectio'n, thus carrying the heaviest part of the innerkshell toward the front, or to the such turning ofthe innershell would bedeterminedv byr thel degree of power required to Acause-theouterc'shelltofroll, the heaviest part o f the inner' shell being thus maintained surface'of the outer shell. l,

A-seat`-for thefattendant of `themotor 25 drivingwheels, which'roll upon the internal is indioated'at 40, and a clutch controlling treadle is indicated at 41. A movable platform 42. is mounted above the motor, and its forward portion is supported-.by a *hingellA Vin advance Vof the center of gravity by the Thisplatform constitutes "a licor on which f other occupants-ofthe shellmay stand while firing projectiles; *The*rearportionfofthe platform issupported'` by pinions V"such, as

v that indicated at 44,1said pinionsbeing afiiXed to a shaft'll and arrangedlto coact" with racks 46. l' A worm 47carried bya shaft 48 coacts with one of the pinion's 411, land shaft 48 is provided with ahand-wheelO whereby. the pinions may berotated totraverse the racks 46 inan upwardrand'fdownward' 'direction to adjust thefplatform 42 to lthe de# sired angle. `The functions vof lthe `racks and plnionsis to adjust-"the platformrapproxi.

. mately to a horizontal plane when the inner shell is tiltedL from its'fnorm'al position. The steering of the structureis `acooinplishedy by mechanismthat is arranged to' shift the inner shell-laterallywith relation to the outer shell, the' latter tending nor straight course when-the load is equally distributed on bothsides of the central longitudinali vertical plane, vbut tending to travel to-the. right 'or vleft of'a straight course whenever the "greater part kof the load y is shifted toy theright'or left of said plane.' The/lateral position of the inner shellv is dcterminedby a 'rotatable screwshaft '51 that is carriedbythe-inner `shell and arranged' to entend transversely'i' y-Roll-v ers 52,y 52,'areI mountedv in" holders 5 3 and arranged'v to roll upon.y the*internalv surface lTheholders areattached i tothe end portions ofshaft- 5lw-byv swivel connections as indicated at" 5ft inl-Fig. 4,.

saidy connectionsA` permitting rrotation ofthe w shaft relatively to vthe holders. TheV holdment with the walls of-sockets 55, 55 formed ers are prevented' .from turning by. engagein the'fin-nerl shell. The" screw-portions 56l of shaft-51 coactpwith nuts i57,.th e'fla'tter.be--v .ing arrangedY in the 'said sockets and `-being held against rotation= fby'- thefwallsv ofthe sockets.*Helical;c ompressionfsprings 58,;58 f i v operating inechanisnn,-forrtnrningL ther-shaft 1.3 Q

. 51 comprisesbevel gears 59 and 60,;a shaft 61, and a handfwheel62, the latter being arranged within reach of the attendant of the propelling motor 25.` Shaft 61 is mounted in suitable bearings provided by a swinging hanger 63 and the latter ishung upon shaft 51.` Platform42 is cutaway as indicated at 64 to afford access to the propelling mo- .l

tor and to afford clearance for the steering shaft 6l. `The springs 58 exert their stress in opposite directions against portions 65 of the inner shell and the lateral position of. the latter is determined by the point at which ,1 the spring stressesare equal. Thepitch direction of the two screw portions 56 is the same, and consequently when shaft 51 is i j turned in one direction both nuts 57 will be `moved toward the right or left as the case `suicient force tomove it :laterally the shock i closure` 68 may be put in place or detached, 4o

would be taken up by the springs 58.

The two shells are provided `with open-` ings large enough to afford entrance to and exit from the inner shell. Such opening of the outer shell is indicated at 66 in Fig `1,

`and the opening of the inner shell 1s indicated at 67.` A closure for opening 66 is in.-

dicated at 68, said closure being capable ofm `moving toward the center of the shell, and being fastened in place byboltsu69. ,When` the `openings 66 and 67 move into registraq tion with each other as shown by Fig. 1 the as the case may be, and for the purpose of handling itI have provided the inner shell `with a swinging holder 70. This holder is mounted upon a pivot stud 71 and is provided With a Stem 72 that is arranged to pro` ject through opening` 67 when in use. The

" closure 68 is formed with a socket on its inner side, to receive the reduced end portion 7 2 of the stem 72, Fig. 1 showing the holder in solid lines as having been moved to take theclosure 68. j One end of a rope 78 is attached to holder.70.and the inner shell is provided with a pulley 74 over which the the position represented by solid lines.` Am

rope-may be drawn to swing the holder to i portion 72.of the swinging holder. Closure 76 would be held in place by bolts such yas those represented at 77.

Assuming that both the closures were fastened to their respective shells, and that the engine as a whole were traveling, the swing# ing holder would be retracted into the inner shell and lashed to `Prevent it from swinging and striking the other parts of the structurelorA the occupants. On the other hand, 4assuming f that the closures were and that it were desired to remove them from their respective openingsthe holder 70 would be` used` as follows: An attendant would draw rope 73 toward the anchoring` device 75 tomove the end portion` 72into the socket 76 of the` inner closure. The holder would thus be made available to sustain the closure 76 while unscrewing the bolts 77 to release the closure. Rope 73 would then be paid out to enable theholder to descend with the closure 76 mounted thereon. It would then be necessary to rej move closure 76 from the holder in order to usethe latter to take the closure 68 from its shell. Opening 67 of the inner shell is sufficiently large to enable closure 68 to pass through it, and both closures may be deposited upon the platform 42. 1

Closure 76 isprovided with a flange 78 that is adapted to be lapped in relation to a flange 79 that defines the opening 67, and suitable soft packing material may be provided to make the `joint watertight. The

vport holes 19 of the innershell may be made watertight by inserting closures such as that shownby Fig. 5. `This closure comprises a screw-plug portion 80, a flange` 81, and a polygonal boss 82 adapted to receive a wrench. The port holes 19 are formed with internal screw-threads adapted to coact with theexternal screw-threads of the plug-por.- tion 80. The flange81 is adapted` to bel pressedagainst the rim of a port hole and the joint may be made watertight by providing a washer or gasket of suitable material. Such washeror gasket'is indicatedat 83.

By means of the closures for the port holes, and that for the opening 67, the inner shell may be made sufficiently watertight. y The propelling motor represented conveney tionally at 25 is intendedto be a motor of the internal'combustion type, and the exhaust pipe therefor is indicatedat 84 (Fig. 3). A muffler is `indicated conventionally at 85. The outer end of pipe 84: extendsy through .brought into registration with each` other, j

the wall of the inner shell, so that the eX- u spherical shells, onewithin the other, the

inner shell being self-leveling and having wheels arranged to roll on the internal sur# face of the` outer shell, and being capable of lateral movement relatively to the outer shell, propelling mechanism carried by the inner shelluand arranged to drive one or `v more Of. said wheels, and'means for shifting Aof the vouter shell.

the inner'shell laterallyy to steer the course f 2." engine of warfare, comprising two spherical shells yone within the other, Vthe inner shellV having wheels arranged to roll on `the internal surface of the outer shell and being capable of lateral movement relaf tively tothe outer shell, propelling mechanism carried by the innerk shellU and ar.- ranged to drive'one or more "ofl saidjwheels,

y'and' mechanism carried by the inner -shell and arranged to bear against lcoi'ifronting portions of the internal surface of the outer v'shell to shift said innershell laterally to 1 1 steer the course of the outerl shell.

An engine of warfare, 'comprising two spherical shells, one within the other, the

inner Shell having wheels arranged to roll on the internal surfaceof the outer shelll and being capable vof lateralmovement relatively 4 to the outer shell, propelling mechanism car-y f ried by the inner shell and arranged to drive one or more of saidv wheels, and steering y mechanism 'carried the inner shell, said steering mechanismincluding". cushioning I se ` cushioning-means being arranged to rabsorb means yand ,adjusting elements 'arranged' vto eoact therewith-:to shift said inner shell laterally infprelation tothe outer shell, said shocks sustained byr the outer shell. 1. v

cluding wheels arranged torol'l Lon the 'internal surface 4Vo'fisaid shell, and means ar-f` ranged to shift said propelling mechanism laterally tc steer the course'of said shell.

5. A11-engine of warfare, comprising two shells, 'one within. the other, the outer shell being spherical and vhaving a'multiplicity of y perforations distributed uniformly -throughoutv its entire periphery and adapted to serve as portholes, and the inner shell being selfleveling and having portholes vadapted to coincide with someof the perforations in the outer shell,'the innershell having wheels ar-v ranged to roll' on ltheinternal.,surface ef the vouter shell, and A propelling mechanism inoperative position.

closed 'in vsaid inner shell'and arranged to k'drive vone or more of Said wheels.

vrelatively thereto, andmeans arranged to adjust 'said platform and sustain it at various angles'relatively to said frame. v

7 ,An engine of warfare, comprisingtwo shells, one within the other, the outer shell being spherical and having perforations distributed uniformly throughout its periphery and adaptedto serve as portholes, the inner shell being self-leveling andhaving portholes adapted t0 coincide with some of the perforations in the outer shell, and detachable watertight closures for said portholes, wheels arranged to roll on theinternal surface of the outer shell, Iand propelling mechanism arranged within theinner shell to drive one or Amore of said wheels, said inner vshell be# ing watertight when said `closures are" y 8. y.An engine of warfare,-r comprising -'a spherical' outer shell having aman hole and a detachablel closure therefor, an inner shell Within said.`0uter'shell, a swinging holder pivoted to the innershelland engaged 'with said closureto shiftthe latter to and from it's operative position, said holder being y ac-f cessiblewithin Vsaidv shell and saidclosure bev`ing removable inwardlywith said holder,

said inner shell having wheels arranged yte rollv 'on the internal surface vof vsaid outer shell, propellingv mechanism carried byl said inner shell and larranged to `drive 'one or mofre of said wheels, and'. hoisting means v.

carried by said inner shell and arranged to lift said'holder andmove said closure to its operative position, said closure having a' socket rand said holder' being adapted to enter said socket. F

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

ARSEE J.` PARE `(Copies of thispatentl maybe obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner oi" lPatents,

Washingtgmhc y y' 

